How to conduct pre-participation screening in athletes

In the endeavours to optimize effects of sports participation and training, unfortunate side-effects should be minimized. Indeed, the devastating impact of cardiac arrest (CA) or sudden death (SD) in athletes has shocked societies and sports spectators all over the world.  Preventive measures, specifically pre-participation screening have been advocated by the European Society of Cardioloy (ESC) and have subsequently been implemented in some sporting communities. The EAPC Sports Cardiology section answers below our key questions on pre-participation screening.